Memorizing Lines - Memorization Tips

Remembering Lines - Memorization Tips Every once in a while you will be required to retain lines for a play, a discourse, or a drama or the like. For certain understudies this will come effectively, yet others may encounter tension at the idea of retaining lines. The principal task is to isolate out any uneasiness about talking before others and manage that separated from the real remembrance process. Understand that remembering is one wellspring of concern, and addressing a gathering is another. Concentrate on each issue in turn. Simply realizing this will facilitate a portion of your concern and give you to a greater degree a feeling of control. We stress over things when they feel out of our control. Remembering Lines The best single guidance for remembering anything is to concentrate such that interests to the same number of faculties as you can. By observing, hearing, feeling, and in any event, smelling your material, you strengthen it in your mind. There are a few different ways to fortify data through your faculties. Your most solid option is to join three of these procedures. Youll locate that a few strategies are fitting for your particular task and others are most certainly not. Remembering With Sight Visual prompts go about as an incredible device for fortifying data and submitting them to memory. Utilize streak cards. Put every one of your prompts on one side and your lines on the other.Draw a progression of pictures that speak to your discourse or your lines. Recall picture stories from preschool? Be extremely imaginative and think about an image story to oblige your lines. After youve made your image story, return and state your lines as you take a gander at the pictures.Say your lines before a mirror and move your face or your arms an uncommon method to underscore explicit words or passages.If your lines come as a content, spread over different on-screen characters lines with portions of clingy note. This makes your own lines stand apart on the page. Peruse them more than a few times.Visualize different entertainers faces saying your prompts and follow with your own lines that follow the cues.Use your advanced mobile phone to video yourself saying your lines and watch it. At that point rehash if essential. Retaining With Feeling Sentiments can be inner (passionate) or outside (material). Either kind of experience will fortify your data. Work out your lines. The demonstration of composing the words gives extremely solid reinforcement.Carry your content or discourse with you consistently and read the full content whenever you get an opportunity to get a forceful passionate feel for it.Get to know your character. Comprehend why you state and do what you do.Act out your lines as you state them, regardless of whether this is an apathetic discourse. You can so this before a mirror andâ exaggerate your words with sensational signals. Obviously, you dont need to do this during your real discourse, however you will consider it.Try retaining in reverse, from end to begin. This isolates the feeling from the words. At that point read the content all the way, with feeling. This strategy fortifies the passionate aspect.Learn to think like your character (figure out that person). This can spare you in the event that you overlook your lines in front of an audience. Essentially think like the character and state what he would state as near the genuine lines as could be expected under the circumstances. Retaining With Sound Sound is an extremely compelling device for retention. There are a couple of various approaches to join sound into your remembrance aptitudes. Peruse the content and record the lines of different entertainers and leave the amplifier off as you read your own lines. This leaves clear air space for your lines. Return and work on saying your own lines at the fitting times.Record your lines with overstated vocal articulations. You may even need to shout your words. Distortions leave large engravings in your brain.Record the whole play or execution during a rehearsal.Carry your recorder with you and hear it out as regularly as could reasonably be expected.

Stereotypes About Asian People - Free Essay Example

Racism is evident in all cultures. Looking back on history, it would seem that racism has always been present through the developing of our societies. The most common type of racism that we see is called casual racism. According to the AHRC, casual racism occurs when behavior involves negative stereotypes or prejudices about people on the basis of race, color or ethnicity, while racism focuses mainly on the belief that one race is superior than the rest. (Casual Racism, 2014) Both of these are inherently bad, though the latter has a more negative connotation in comparison to the former. An example of a casual racism is that all Asians are smart. Not only is this claim untrue, but it has harmful effects. These stereotypes about Asians can have a negative effect on people, promote inaccurate information about the minority and can have effects on a persons mental health. Asian stereotypes are historically proven to be inaccurate. One explanation to the stereotype that Asians are all smart is that immigration policies were skewed to favor highly educated and skilled Asians. In 1965, the Immigration Act was passed and allowed large numbers of Asians to enter the United States. Specifically, these Asian immigrants were from the most educated and wealthiest groups in their countries. As a result of this, the perception of the Asian American community changed. Decades before this change, Asians were perceived as corrupt and dishonest. In the article, Racial Stereotyping of Asians and Asian Americans and Its Effect on Criminal Justice: A reflection on the Wayne Lo Case, author Rhoda J. Yen states that Chinese immigrants were describes as utter heathens, treacherous, sensual, cowardly and cruel by the media (Yen 7). Thus, we can conclude that Asian immigrants did not always have a positive outlook. We can also conclude that the all Asians are smart stereoty pe is inaccurate since there is excluded data on the rest of the Asian population who fall under poverty. In addition, the media also display incorrect depictions of the Asian community. Not only are they incorrect, but the media tends to lack the coverage on Asians in general. When Asians are represented in media, theyre usually used to present a stereotype. According to an online article, Enjoy ?Crazy Rich Asians â€Å" But Dont Stereotype, the author states that this movie is the first in 25 years to have an all-Asian cast with the last one being, Joy Luck Club (Hall 2018). In fact, even the book and newly turned movie, Crazy Rich Asians, is loaded with stereotypes. One stereotype that can be derived from the movie is that all Asians are rich, which is widely evident throughout the whole movie. Another stereotype that can be found is the Model Minority stereotype. This applies to the main character, Rachel Chu, who despite having a single mother that escaped an abusive marriage in China, became a successful college professor. In this stereotype, Asian Americans have an unlimited care er flexibility and are high achievers. Thus, it overlooks the Asian immigrants who had to struggle to get to where they are now and it also overlooks the discrimination directed against them. A result to the lack of accuracy of Asian representation in the media and the widespread stereotypes that go along with it, were the conflicts that arose regarding the minority. For example, in the article written by Rhoda J. Yen, introduces the murder of Vincent Chin in 1982. Vincent Chin, who was a Chinese American, was beaten to death by two unemployed, white auto workers named Roger Ebens and Michael Nitz. They had mistaken Chin as a Japanese American in a local bar and accused him of contributing to the rising unemployment of the auto industry. Later on, they beat him with a baseball bat. Neither of these men were charged for a hate crime and instead they were only acquitted of manslaughter and sentenced to three years of probation and a fine. At the time, the media did not believe that Asian Americans could be targeted for discrimination because of their successful assimilation in the American society (Yen 10-11). This incident is one of many of the anti-Asian crimes that occur red in the United States. Another problem with Asian stereotypes is that people tend to overlook them as people because of their race and are also often targeted as victims of crime. According to Yen, Criminals tend to engage in targeting Asian Americans and assume that they carry more money than other races. They also believed that they were physically weaker, less likely to report crimes, and are more averse to strike back at criminals. She also continues by stating that, Even the decision of whether to commit a crime may be influenced by the racial stereotypes around Asian Americans (Yen 13). Another incident of an anti-Asian crime is the Peairs shooting of Yoshihiro Hattori in 1992. Hattori was shot on Halloween, after he and his friend were trying to locate their friends house for a party. After mistaking the Peairs house as their friends, they tried to leave but were confronted by Rodney Peairs, who ended up shooting Hattori in the chest. The reasoning behind the shooting was that Mrs. Peairs had been terrified of the boys and had thought that the boys were invading on their property. Similarly, cases like this transpired in the following years. (Yen 13-15)

Analysis Of Albert Einsteins Essay On Racial Bias In 1946

#6 - â€Å"Albert Einstein’s Essay on Racial Bias in 1946† by Trent Gilliss and Albert Einstein â€Å"The Negro Question† by Albert Einstein is an incredibly smart, thought-provoking, and forward-thinking for something that came out in the 1940s. Aside from the idea that discriminating black people is bad, many of the ideas expressed here are concepts that some people still do not understand. For example, the idea that one should be more mature before dealing with the political or complex issues of a nation is something people still do not realize today. Young people are still criticized for having their own possibly ill-informed opinion, even if they were raised to think that way. In addition, Einstein’s example of Aristotle thinking slaves were†¦show more content†¦This anxiety about a possible deep, hidden racism in America has not only been exclusive to Maryland. With the combination of the election and police brutality, there is no doubt that anxiety and tensions are very high in the current state of our country. #8 - â€Å"Who, me? Biased?† by The New York Times Implicit bias is a concept that originally gained esteem during the 2016 election. It is defined as unconscious assumptions or stereotypes that are race-related. For example, if someone pulled up two pictures, a white female and a black male, and told you that one of them committed a crime, you are likely to choose the black male. You’re not racist, you have just been consuming all this media and images that paint black people or specifically males as being criminals. There are many options to attempt to fix this bias implanted in you. First, one should take a test to see if they even have a bias in the first place. If yes, then they should attempt to overcome it. They can do this by either hanging out with people of another ethnicity to learn who they are or to address that the racial anxiety exists and to work from there. In my opinion, this idea of implicit bias is incredibly important for people to learn about and p ossibly fix if necessary. Before this video, I had never heard of implicit bias and I always just figured I was stereotyping people whenever I had thoughts like the ones presented in the

Understanding Other Peoples Religious Beliefs - 589 Words

Understanding other peoples’ religious beliefs in addition to our own is essential to tolerance because one’s faith often define who they are. â€Å"I fully agree that all religions lead to one truth, the Absolute truth. There is One truth. There is only one Goal, but there are various paths. Each religion is right in its own way.† (Sri Chinmoy) It is the willingness to cooperate with individuals of different faiths, different customs and of different beliefs who you do not agree with without prejudice. In the United States like in many other countries, the concept of religion in relation to acceptance, freedom and understanding is fundamentally a part of our culture as a whole. Federalists, James Madison and Alexander Hamilton, drafted the Bills of Rights to the U.S. Constitution in response to the anti-Federalists such as Thomas Jefferson and Patrick Henry distrust in the idea of trusting Congress with our God-given or natural rights of the people. â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.† (Constitution) and although, over the years since the ratification of the Constitution, these rights have been twisted and turned to properly fit the social standards of the years by the authority, their basis remain an essential part of the underlyingSho w MoreRelatedREL 405 mojeda wa1 Essay588 Words   |  3 Pagesrituals that shape peoples lives? In order to understand the traits and behaviors and traits, I would that that objectivity should be present. The behaviors of other cultures usually stem from a subjective position, but the underlying truth can be found with some critical analysis. Personal subjective thoughts can be damaging when trying to understand what shapes other peoples lives, because you have not had the privilege of living that life. Humans tend to judge others based on their own cultureRead MoreThe Meaning Of Theology By Michael J. Himes1266 Words   |  6 PagesThe meaning of theology is simple; it is the study of God and religious belief. The definition is plain to see but it’s important to go beyond what is already known. On a deeper level, what is the meaning of theology in respect to a religious community and to a person trying to find themselves in God? How is everyone involved in doing theology all the time? In this paper, there will be an in depth analysis on what theology is, why it is i mportant, and how people are engaged in theology all the timeRead MoreChristians Views On Christianity942 Words   |  4 PagesChristianity is one of the three largest religious in the world and Christians always believe that Juses is the Son of God. â€Å"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the waters.† (Genesis 1-3) Christians always believe that the God created the people, and developed the whole people’s life. Christians’ belief is that they need to believe the word of God and theseRead MoreMax Weber Theory Of Religion Essay1033 Words   |  5 PagesMax Weber believed the religion is a deeply rooted institution that has shaped people’s image of the world, which in turn can impact their beliefs and motives. For instance, religion is used different amongst people of various class and statues. Individuals with hi gh class and statues will use religion legitimate their circumstances and their situation in the world. On the other end of the spectrum, underprivileged individuals will lean toward religion that promise rewards for hard work and goodRead MoreReligion and Psychology Essay example729 Words   |  3 PagesReligious faith is important to most Americans, with approximately 95% of Americans reporting belief in God and about 50% being active in church organizations (Gallup Castelli, 1989). Despite the widespread prevalence of religious beliefs in society, some researchers have maintained that religion and religious beliefs are often neglected in psychological research (Jones, 1994; Plante, 1996). This neglect stems from a couple of different factors. First, it is difficult for psychologists to overcomeRead MoreSociology as a Perspective 1332 Words   |  6 PagesSociologist argue that â€Å"the sociological perspective is a way of thinking; a form of consciousness that challenges familiar understandings of ourselves and of others, so we can critically asses the truth commonly held assumptions† (Micionis and Plummer 2008:10). This essay supports this statement by analysing and discussing the significance of sociological perspective in our everyday lives. According to Peter L. Berger sociological perspective is described as the link between societal events andRead MoreThe Positive Influence Of Christianity883 Words   |  4 Pagesthe results surprised me, but others I would have predicted because of my religious background. I was raised Catholic and although I have questioned certain beliefs of Catholicism, I have never had extreme negative feelings toward by religion. Therefore, I would assume that I would have a positive association with Christianity because it is the religion I am most familiar with and I strongly connect to it. Furthermore, Islam and Christianity have similar religious teachings. Both religions areRead MoreThe Evolution of Ameri can Self Essays870 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican Self is the common character and values of American people which evolved depending on governmental philosophy, religious belief, and economical aspiration from beginning of its formation to the present. Any of the change in the above factors would contribute to the evolution of the American Self. Over time, the American Self changed from communalism, whole hearted religious faith, and interest in material goods to individualism, self interests, and greed. The American Self depended on theRead MoreReligion s Impact On Religion1636 Words   |  7 PagesAs scientific studies have increased dramatically over the past few decades, religious numbers have been down. Religion has been a major part of people’s lives since the beginning of human existence. What if religion died off? How would people live? This is an important topic because it shows how science has proved religion wrong. Multiple studies have been conducted over the years to see if science really has an effect on religion and how people that believe in science compare to the people thatRead More What Is Religion Essay1653 Words   |  7 Pages What Is Religion nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;What is religion? According to an Oxford dictionary, religion is the belief in the existence of a supernatural ruling power, the creator and controller of the universe, who has given to man a spirtual nature which continues to exist after the death of the body. Religion appears to be a simple idea on the surface, but in reality it is a very complex system of ideas that many base their lives upon. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There are many religions

Writer in history Essay Example For Students

Writer in history Essay John Steinbeck is perhaps referred to the worlds most thought provoking writer in history. This infamous book Of mice and men took Steinbeck three years to finally complete, and within good reason although the book is an easy read reading what is in black and white isn’t going to tell you the full story. Reading this book will take imagination and an open mind because every word of it has one meaning or another, every word, every character, every name and even every place has an in depth meaning. Aside from that this Essay will focus on the main relationship between George Milton and lennie (the main characters) small and what kind of bond they have therefore what makes them special. Lennie Small is first introduced on page four as well as George Milton this is Lennie’s opening description. † Behind him walked his opposite, a huge man, shapeless of face, with large pale eyes, with wide, sloping shoulders; and he walked heavily, dragging his feet a little, the way a bear drags his paws† now this may not seem much to you but if we look between the lines we can see there is a very detailed description. First of all his name â€Å" Lennie Small is very ironic because his names lennie Small Which he isn’t at all because he is describes as a giant. Secondly he has a shapeless face (this is a baby reference because when babies are born they are shapeless of face) Thirdly it explains three things pale eyes, wide sloping shoulders and dragging his feet. (These all are baby/child references again. Lastly the last comparison Steinbeck makes is about a bear’s paw and his hand. Taking all this things into consideration we can start to picture what Lennie looks and acts like a grown man with perhaps a specific disability or even very child like. George Milton is also introduced on the fourth page this his opening description, (The first man was small and quick, dark of face, with restless eyes and sharp, strong features. Every part of him was defined: small, strong hands, slender arms, and a thin and bony nose every part of him was defined. ) This was also a detailed explanation, firstly starting with his name George Meaning (everyman) as well as getting into his details what really struck me was his restless eyes, this usually happens when a mother is looking after a child so maybe there is some relation between them. It also seems like George is the leader of the two. Continuing on in the story we finally realise that they are both workers looking for a new job since they were fired fro there previous one. We also learn that Lennie has some sort of disability throughout the whole story it is not mentioned what disability he has it is quiet obvious. The relationship between them is very strong in which words cannot describe. It is like a brother sister relationship you have fights you shout at each other but in the end you always make up and love each other, I believe this is exactly what George and Lennie’s bond is like. In conclusion I think that this is one of the best novels to read out there. Remember that you will need to read between the lines and even if you read it go back over it and I can guarantee you will find something new. I also believe that George and Lennie’s has a very strong relationship in which the reader needs to felt it which is probably why Steinbeck himself didn’t mention a word about it.

Life Insurance Sales Talk Essay Example

Life Insurance Sales Talk Essay What are the highlights of LIC’s Jeevan Vaibhav? LIC’s Jeevan Vaibhav is a Life insurance Plan especially designed to meet needs of †¢ Insurance †¢ †¢ Wealth creation and Liquidity What are the key features of LIC’s Jeevan Vaibhav? Single Premium non-linked endowment assurance plan. Maturity Benefit : Sum Assured and Loyalty Addition#. Liquidity : Facility for loan. Life Cover : Full Sum Assured Payable on death during the term. # Loyalty Addition, if any, payable on Death, if it occurs during the last olicy year or on maturity. Please explain the Maturity and Life Cover Benefits under the plan. The Maturity Benefits under LIC’s Jeevan Vaibhav plan include the Sum Assured and Loyalty Addition, if any. For a person aged 35 years, paying a premium of Rs. 95730/-, the Sum Assured shall be Rs. 200000/- .The Details of benefits payable are as under:- Jeevan Vaibhav Page 1 Benefit Illustration Age Policy Term Single Premium Amount 35 years 10 year s 95730/-* Sum Assured payable on death or 200000/maturity Loyalty Addition payable on death during the last policy year or on maturity: Assuming 6% p. a. eturn Nil 25,000/Assuming 10% p. a. return * Premium shown above is exclusive of service tax. Am I eligible to take the plan? The Plan is available for person between 8 to 65 years of age. Eligibility Conditions Age at entry Policy Term Sum Assured Premium Mode Others 8 years to 65 years 10 years Rs. 200000/- onwards in multiple of 10000/Single Service Tax at the prevailing rate applicable on premium. What is the maximum amount of premium that I can pay? There is no upper limit on the premium. Moreover you shall enjoy a rebate of Rs. 2. 00†° in case you opt for Sum Assured between 4 lacs to 5. 90lacs and a rebate of Rs3. 0†° for Sum Assured 6 lacs and above. Jeevan Vaibhav Page 2 Can I avail loan under LIC’s Jeevan Vaibhav? Yes, Loan facility is available under this plan, after completion of one policy year. The L oan Value is to the extent of 70% of Surrender Value. What if I wish to surrender the policy before completion of the term? We would not advise you to surrender a policy because the risk cover ceases and the contract comes to an end besides it deprives you from enjoying the full returns under the plan. However we wish to inform you that the policy shall acquire surrender value after completion of one full year.On surrendering a policy the higher of Guaranteed Surrender Value and Special Surrender Value shall be paid. Guaranteed Surrender Value The Guaranteed Surrender Value shall be 90% of the Single premium paid excluding extra premium, if any. Special Surrender Value The Special Surrender Value will be the ‘discounted value’ of the Sum Assured. Why should I opt for LIC’s Jeevan Vaibhav plan ? Because LIC’s Jeevan Vaibhav combines Security with Wealth Creation in a single plan. You deserve it to celebrate your achievements in 2022. ************* Jeevan Va ibhav Page 3

Theories of Communication, Advertising Persuasion

Theories of Communication, Advertising Persuasion Increased market competition, high levels of customer expectations, and the need to attract new customers have compelled organizations to invest large amounts of capital in advertising. In the modern capitalist markets, advertising plays an integral role in creating product awareness. In other words, advertising acts as an informative and persuasive marketing tool.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Theories of Communication, Advertising Persuasion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Drawing from its definition, advertising can be defined as a promotional tool which enhances communication between the producer and the buyer. Through a communication channel, an advertiser can relay a message to the targeted end receiver. Advertising has the capacity to motivate consumers to buy a particular product or service. There are different ways through which an advertiser can pass a message to the consumers. Some of the media outlets used in advertising include social media networks like twitter and Facebook, TV adverts, print media (newspapers, magazines, journals and catalogs), radio, billboards and sideshows, and commercial displays. Depending on the message being communicated, advertising can attract or push customers away. The objective of the essay is to critically evaluate the role of advertising in the creation of markets, communities and social identities. Moreover, the essay endevours to determine whether advertisements reflect consumer demand for products or whether they aid in the creation of specific subject positions which attract consumers to the products. To analyse these objectives, the Apple brand been adopted. This particular choice is necessary in order to emphasize the role played by advertising. Role of advertising in the creation of markets, communities and social identities Advertising can be described as a form of communication aimed at persuading the targeted audience to purchase a par ticular product or service (Moriarty, Mitchell Wells, 2009a). The major objective of advertising is to inform, persuade and convince a consumer on the benefits of a particular service or product. Advertising enables marketers to realize brand awareness, gain market share and attract potential customers. Based on the above description of advertising, it is important to note that advertising plays an important role in the creation of markets. For instance, advertisements bring about product differentiation which acts as a competitive advantage relative to competitor products (Moriarty et al. 2009). With reference to Apple, the company has managed to create a strong brand through advertising.Advertising Looking for essay on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Through the â€Å"Think Different† campaign carried out in 1990s as well as the â€Å"iPod People† campaign conducted in the 2000s, the com pany has managed to differentiate itself from its competitors. This has been achieved through advertising which has helped to create brand awareness and brand recognition (Armstrong Porter, 2007). Since then, Apple has remained as a strong brand with an established market. Over the years, customers have continued to associate themselves with Apple because they were persuaded by the company’s initial adverts. The adverts helped the company to create brand awareness, and brand recognition. Above all, it led to market differentiation. According to Tellis (2005), past research show that advertising is a powerful promotional tool applied by marketers to create market share. In addition, it is used to target a particular consumer segment in the market. Through advertising, the targeted segment is communicated, persuaded and informed about a given brand and the benefits associated with that particular brand. As a promotional tool, advertising is used as â€Å"an important source o f information that promotes competition† (Armstrong Porter, 2007, p. 1718). As such, organizations use advertising as a way of providing information to potential consumers in a given market segment. Informative content is communicated to the consumer. The communicated message entails the price, the function, or the existence of the product in the market (Armstrong Porter, 2007). Consequently, this stimulates the desire by a consumer to purchase a particular brand such as. For instance, the words â€Å"Think Different† as used by Apple have a strong message towards the consumer as they compel him/her to start thinking differently when contemplating on purchasing Apple products. In addition, since Apple is a strong brand, consumers can associate themselves with that particular brand because of the benefits associated with the use of the product. Organizations use advertising as a way of creating social identities. By social identity, we mean that advertisements have an impact on particular group(s) in the market which shares similar beliefs, values and norms (Zeng, Huang Dou, 2009). Primarily, consumers can identify with a specific group.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Theories of Communication, Advertising Persuasion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Morairty et al (2009a), the main goal of an advertising campaign is to reach a large group of individuals interested in a particular product. In addition, the targeted people share the same beliefs, norms and values. With respect to Apple brand, the company used the words â€Å"I’m a Mac, I’m a PC† in the â€Å"Get a Mac† campaign. Through the use of such advertising characters, Apple was able to persuade consumers to purchase their Mac product. The campaign which lasted for four years was able to create social identity. For instance, it made likeminded consumers start believing in Mac inste ad of the ordinary PC. Due to its unique qualities and features, consumers were able to associate with the product. The Mac, which was part of the computer revolution in terms of software and hardware, emerged as a strong brand. This enabled Apple to sell millions of Mac pieces to consumers who shared social identities. For example, Mac Campaign portrayed its products as modern and effective. This helped to differentiate the product from PCs that tend to be time bound. Advertising influences and shapes the beliefs, behaviour and attitudes of consumers towards a particular brand (Morairty et al., 2009a). In addition, adverts motivate, persuade and convinced consumers. Consequently, a consumer is able to develop brand preference and taste. Preferences compel consumers to buy a particular brand. For instances, companies make use of celebrities as part of their promotional campaigns in order change the beliefs, behaviour and attitude of consumers towards a particular brand (Morairty et al., 2009). The celebrities or endorsed personalities have a respected opinion and are highly ranked and respected in the society. In addition, followers of these celebrities and highly respected opinion leaders have an attachment with their fans and followers. For example, the iPod advertising conducted by Apple used dark silhouettes dancing to music. The silhouettes had iPods and were believed to listen to iTunes. The advert featured music celebrities such as Eminem, U2, CSS, and Bob Dylan, among others. In this case, the celebrities shared similar beliefs with the targeted consumers (the value for music). In addition, the celebrities were used to influence the behavior and attitude on consumers towards the iPod. This enabled the company to attract the fans that associate themselves with the celebrities to purchase iPod and belong to the same community or group.Advertising Looking for essay on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As mentioned in the paragraph above, advertising plays an important role in creating communities. In the context of marketing, a community can be described as a group of persons (consumers) who associate themselves with a particular brand. This kind of grouping shares different beliefs and ideas. According to O’Shaughnessy and Stadler (2008), the media is able to develop ideologies towards the targeted audience or viewer. An ideology is a set of feelings, beliefs, ideas, and social values which represent the way of life of a certain group of people (O’Shaughnessy Stadler, 2008). Advertising acts as a unifying factor which brings people together because they believe in that particular brand (Morairty et al., 2009a). A well promoted brand is able to communicate to the targeted consumers thus creating social identities which hold communities together. With respect to Apple, the â€Å"Switch campaign† was carried in 2002 to create a community of consumers with the same social identities. This was aimed at attracting Microsoft windows users so that they could switch to Mac. The Apple Switch advert managed to create a community that shared the same social identity. Creation of community has been achieved in the current adverts featuring iPhones which target consumer who like innovative and stylish products. Advertisements enable organizations to use commodified celebrities in a bid to attract consumers and influence them in joining some sort of a â€Å"tribe† (Ilmonen, 2004). This makes the associated goods part of our internal social world. According to (Ilmonen, 2004), consumers have the tendency to get attached to products after getting an instant endowment effect. The aim of advertisers is to create a specific meaning for a brand. However, consumers interpret the communicated message in diverse and varied ways (Elliot Wattanasuwan, 1998). Based on personal perceptions, a consumer can create meaning which influences his/her purchasin g patterns and trends. According to the social theory, human beings associate themselves with a particular group, society or culture. Eventually, this becomes a way of life (Wattanasuwan, 2005). In this context, consumers tend to identify themselves with a social group or identity in which they belong. In other words, they develop symbolic consumption which is based on preferences realized through advertising. Therefore, advertising helps to create imagined communities. As noted by Wattanasuwan (2005) we tend to consume different products â€Å"that contribute to the symbolic means of self-identification, through which we align ourselves emotionally with those, sharing our lifestyles† (p.182). This implies that as consumers we tend to identify ourselves with particular produces thus creating self-identification and communities. For example, through the consumption of brand Apple, consumers are able to identify themselves with elite group and gain a sense of belonging. The adv ertisements carried on Mac Campaign to promote Macintosh computers influences and motivates consumers to purchase the products and belong to Macintosh tribe. Therefore, common consumption create a group self (Wattanasuwan, 2005). Advertisements, consumers demand and subject positioning Advertising helps in the development, sustenance and promotion of consumer demand towards the products of an organization. However, advertisement does not reflect consumer demand. This observation has been expounded by Armstrong and Porter (2007), who opines that advertising usually result in shifted consumer demand in preference for the advertised product. In this case, advertising distorts the consumer’s decision making process instead of reflecting the true preferences of the consumer captured in the demand prior advertising. Advertisements are used to persuade consumers to purchase a particular commodity not because they like it but because they have been convinced otherwise. Based on this explanation, it can be noted that advertisements create subject positions through which consumers are invited to purchase a product. For example, Apple used the advertisement â€Å"Why You’ll Love Mac† to differentiate itself from other PC computer brands but not to consumer demand for this particular product. Advertisements enabled Apple to position its Macintosh computers in the market. In addition, advertisements acted as a way of inviting potential consumers to purchase the product. Powell, Hardy, Hawkin and MacRury (2009) add that advertisements are carried out with a view to reaching out to new market segments. This is aimed at attracting customers. This means that instead of reflecting the demand of customers, advertisements are designed to invite new customers. For example, iTunes and iPods advertisements were intended to attract the young urban population. Advertising is used to create brand awareness and develop a reputation for a particular brand in a given pool of consumers. According to Morairty et al. (2009), advertisements are used to influence consumer behaviour and attitude. In addition, they assist in positioning an organization, idea, service or a product with the objective of building a strong brand. In other words, advertising is a mode of communication used in marketing to reach consumers and influence their purchasing behaviours and make informed choices needed for decision making. For example, Apple uses its advertisements while launching products with the aim of influencing consumers’ purchasing patterns and behaviours. This motivates customers to change their preferences and purchase iPhones instead of buying competitor products like the Samsung Galaxy. By creating brand awareness and brand equity, advertisements help to position a product in the market and invite the targeted groups. Armstrong and Porter (2007) note that advertisements are persuasive and informative in nature and influence the decision making of a buyer towards the purchase of a product. For instance, when advertisements provide information on the price and quality of a product, this is an opportunity for the customer to compare different brands and make the ultimate choice to purchase a certain product. Conclusion Based on the analysis, advertising is a promotional tool used in marketing to create markets, communities, and social identities. Advertising is also used to create brand awareness and persuade consumers to purchase a product or service. Consequently, this creates a market for a specific brand. Through brand differentiation, advertising assist in creating a market share, communities and social identities. Brand awareness and brand recognitions drive consumers to develop the need to be associated with a particular group or community. People with similar beliefs and norms are persuaded through advertising to buy a given product or service. This helps to mould brand preferences. By endorsing celebrities or personali ties companies develop consumer attachment to a given brand, thereby creating a community or group with shared beliefs. Advertising is a unifying factor which brings like-minded people together through product purchase. For example, the Apple brand has over the years been used to develop the Mac tribe or society. Owing to advertisements, consumers tend to identify themselves with a certain brand, thus creating a group or community. Advertisements do not reflect consumer demand but are indicative of the positioning of a product in the market. They are used to persuade and influence consumers’ purchasing behaviour, patterns and decision making process. They are used to develop brand reputation which changes the demands and preferences of customers. Reference List Armstrong, M., Porter, R. (2007). Handbook of industrial organization: Amsterdam: Elsevier. Elliot, R., Wattanasuwan, K. (1998). Brands as symbolic resources for the construction of identity. International Journal of Advertising, 17(2), 1-8. Ilmonen, K. (2004). The use of and commitment to goods. Journal of Consumer Culture, 4(1): 27–50. Moriarty, S. E., Mitchell, N., Wells, W. (2009). Brands and advertising contribution. In Moriarty, S. 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